The residence permit for freelance work under Section 21(5) AufenthG is a popular route for designers, journalists, translators, architects and IT consultants, especially in Berlin.

What freelancers need to show

Unlike a commercial business (Gewerbe), freelancers do not have to prove an overriding economic interest for the region or hire staff. What matters is a high level of professional qualification, the ability to support yourself and real demand for your services among clients in Germany.

Letters of intent from clients

The key documents are two or three letters of intent from companies registered in Germany. In them, the client confirms their willingness to work with you and states the approximate volume of work and hourly rate.

Financial plan and living costs

You submit a realistic income forecast (Ertragsvorschau) for the first three years. Your freelance income should cover rent, health insurance and ongoing living costs with a margin.

Pension provision if you are 45 or older

If you are 45 or older when you apply, you must show adequate pension provision: pension entitlements, property, pension policies or assets. The guideline amounts are adjusted every year; check them with the immigration office.

What to check

  • Obtain at least two or three detailed letters of intent from German clients on their letterhead.
  • Prepare a professional portfolio with completed projects and qualifications.
  • Draw up a three-year income forecast including health and pension contributions.
  • Rent a flat where you can register your address before your appointment at the immigration office.

Example situation

A UI/UX designer collects three letters of intent from Berlin start-ups for a total of 60 hours a month at €70 per hour and receives a two-year freelance residence permit from Berlin's immigration office.

Next step

Contracts and letters of intent from Germany are decisive; without local clients it is very hard to prove that your plans are economically viable.

Official information on this topic

Checklists and examples are organisational recommendations. Requirements depend on the procedure, the city and your situation; check them with the relevant office before you act. Please discuss legal and tax questions with an authorised professional.

This article was prepared with the help of AI. The example illustrates the approach and does not describe a client case.